Articles of Association: The Internal Constitution of a Company I. Introduction The Articles of Association constitute one of the most fundamental documents in corporate law, serving as the internal constitution of a company. While statutes and corporate codes define the general framework within which companies must operate, the Articles delineate Read more
The Right of First Offer: A Legal and Commercial Overview I. Introduction What is the Right of First Offer? In the realm of commercial transactions, especially those concerning real estate, joint ventures, and corporate investments, parties often seek mechanisms to safeguard their interests when ownership of an asset is subject Read more
Marriage Annulment: Legal Foundations and Consequences What is Marriage Annulment? Marriage is widely regarded as a binding legal and social contract that carries with it both rights and responsibilities. However, in certain circumstances, the law recognizes that a marriage may be fundamentally flawed from its inception, warranting not merely a Read more
I. Introduction What is a repudiation of a contract? Contracts are the backbone of modern legal and commercial life. They represent not only an exchange of promises but also the foundation of trust between parties. Yet, circumstances sometimes arise in which one party demonstrates, through words or conduct, that it Read more
Overdue Payment in the Legal Aspect I. Introduction An overdue payment—also known as a late payment or default in payment—occurs when a debtor fails to pay the agreed sum within the contractual or statutory timeframe. While such delays are often perceived as mere inconveniences, in the legal sphere they carry Read more
Non-Compete Clauses Under Fire: Will FTC v. Meta Kill Them for Good? Introduction What is FTC v. Meta all about? Non-compete clauses—those contractual restraints preventing employees from joining competitors or pursuing ventures post-employment—have long served as legal tools for employers to protect trade secrets and investments in human capital. Yet, Read more
In December 2023, the Legislature of Texas enacted Senate Bill 4 (SB4), a statute authorizing state and local law enforcement to arrest individuals suspected of illegally entering Texas — a domain traditionally reserved to the federal government. The law simultaneously empowers judges to issue de facto deportation orders, thereby testing Read more
Writing an Effective Privacy Policy for Your Website In the contemporary digital landscape, privacy has emerged as both a legal requirement and a trust-building mechanism. A privacy policy is not a mere bureaucratic formality—it is a public declaration of how a website collects, uses, shares, and protects the personal data Read more
Emergency Clause in Contract Law: Legal Significance, Function, and Comparative Perspectives I. Introduction Contract law, as a dynamic domain of private law, is shaped not only by abstract legal principles such as pacta sunt servanda (agreements must be kept), but also by mechanisms that accommodate unexpected disruptions. Among these mechanisms, Read more